My work attempts to elicit organic action from deterministic systems. As such, it typically deals with the design and manipulation of a system (a program, an algorithm, an approach) rather than with an outcome directly. Thus, it always retains the possibility of surprise, of the unexpected.

While some of the systems are simply graphic programs, others utilize photography and video for virtually remapping time and space, while still others are more robot-like: responsive devices that react to one another as well as to the environment.

The question of free will in a deterministic universe is no longer religious or cosmological. It becomes practical or perhaps aesthetic: can beauty emerge from a deterministic system?